Psychoanalytic Explorations into the Primal Relationship in Japan and India
Part of Psychoanalysis and Women series - more in this series

Book Details
- Publisher : Routledge
- Published : July 2025
- Cover : Paperback
- Pages : 280
- Category :
Forthcoming - Category 2 :
Psychoanalysis - Catalogue No : 98082
- ISBN 13 : 9781032752044
- ISBN 10 : 1032752041
Also by Jhuma Basak
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In this landmark collaboration, Osamu Kitayama and Jhuma Basak chronical their long-standing collaboration and cultural exchange to survey the importance of familial relationships in Japan and India, exploring primal relations through a cross-cultural psychoanalytic lens.
Divided into three sections, Psychoanalytic Explorations into the Primal Relationship in Japan and India looks at each country’s perception of parenthood and approach to raising children in turn before concluding in an illuminating dialogue between the two authors. Kitayama explores the maternal figure within the mother-child relationship, with a focus on the mother-son dyad, as well as relationships between parents. He considers, in depth, how Japanese culture can often exclude what is perceived as alien, delving into its rich tapestry of folklore to understand underlying ‘mental scripts’ which can shape collective perceptions, societal norms and expectations, each of which can pose an issue to healthy familial relationships. Basak’s response draws from Indian socio-cultural and mythological contexts, as well as clinical applications, to provide psychoanalytic insight into the stark differences and similarities between attitudes in Japan, India and the eastern culture at large. Both authors join together to highlight different child rearing practises such as co-sleeping and how they can shape human sexuality-subjectivity. Challenging the standardisation of the Oedipal myth, the book draws from literary and clinical examples in Japan and India to invite the reader into another world of parenting style and another idiom of psychoanalysis.
Uniquely positioned to develop understanding of how psychoanalysis has developed in non-Western countries, this book is an essential resource for psychoanalysts in training and in practice.
Reviews and Endorsements
Basak and Kitayama, experienced Indian and Japanese psychoanalysts, provide a brilliant model for the comparative study of psychoanalysis and culture. The themes they explore include mother-child dynamics; triadic relationships in the context of cultural practices; mythological symbolism as it relates to maternal sacrifice, guilt, and intense bonds between family members; shame culture; and the relationship between transience and resilience. A dialogue between Eastern and Western psychoanalytic traditions occurs that illuminates how family dynamics and cultural prohibitions differ, inform, and sometimes clash with each other. It is a profoundly interesting cross-cultural exploration for psychoanalysts, social scientists, and the general public.
Harriet L. Wolfe, M.D., President, International Psychoanalytical Association
The international psychoanalytic community will be both fascinated and deeply fertilised by this inspiring dialogue between an Indian and a Japanese analyst on fundamental issues of the human experience. Coming from two cultures so characterised, so rich in history, images and contents, they will contribute immensely to the future of psychoanalysis by opening up new scenarios and innovative ideas.
Stefano Bolognini, Past President International Psychoanalytical Association
This fascinating and historically important collection is an illuminating retrospective on the evolution of psychoanalysis in Japan and India. The artistic backgrounds of both authors brings their co-authorship together in an inspiring way. To read about some surprising convergences of the different cultures between India and Japan refreshes and advances both the practice and theory of psychoanalysis. Intriguing and stimulating I strongly recommend this book to all readers interested in the cultural impact on contemporary psychoanalysis.
Jan Abram, author of The Surviving Object: Psychoanalytic Clinical Essays on Psychic Survival-of-the-Object
Table of Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgement
Introductions
Part 1 - The prohibition of ‘Don’t Look’ in Mythology, Culture, & Clinical Contexts
1. Creating Bridges: Japanese ‘resistance’ and approaches
2. Depth-psychotherapy in Shame Culture
3. Re-weaving the story of the prohibition of ‘Don’t Look’
4. The Wounded Caretaker & Forced Guilt
5. Dependence and Transience: Beauty or Danger
6. Various Narratives Centring on “under the bridge”
7. Cultural Invocation of Maternal-fusion in Males – India and Japan
8. Vicissitudes of Transience in Covid Times – Reflection on ‘Shame Culture’, India
Part 2 - The Triadic Tryst
9. Being Drawn into a Primal scene
10. Music Heard When One jumps into a Swamp
11. Enthralled Infancy in a Bed of Parental Tryst
Part 3 - An Interface - ‘Listening to Asian Female Voices’
12. Jhuma Basak to Osamu Kitayama
13. Osamu Kitayama to Jhuma Basak
About the Author(s)
Osamu Kitayama is a Training and Supervising Analyst at the Japan Psychoanalytic Society, Professor Emeritus at Kyushu University and President of Hakuoh University. He served as President of the Japan Psychoanalytic Society from 2016-2019 and continues to work with patients in private practice. He has authored numerous articles on culturally oriented psychoanalysis and books.
Jhuma Basak, is a training analyst of the Indian Psychoanalytical Society. She is the representative of the 4th IPA region in the Committee on Women & Psychoanalysis, and member of the IPA Humanitarian Organization Committee.
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